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miR-296 is a family of microRNA precursors found in mammals, including humans. The ~22 nucleotide mature miRNA sequence is excised from the precursor hairpin by the enzyme Dicer. This sequence then associates with RISC which effects RNA interference.
miR-296 has been named an "angiomiR" due to being characterised as a microRNA which regulates angiogenesis, the process of growth and creation of new blood vessels. miR-296 is thought to have a specific role in cancer in promoting tumour angiogenesis. It achieves this by targeting HGS mRNA, reducing its expression in endothelial cells which then results in greater number of VEGF receptors.
miR-296 has predicted target sites in the transcription factor NANOG and may also contribute to carcinogenesis by dysregulating p53.
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miR-296 is a family of microRNA precursors found in mammals, including humans. The ~22 nucleotide mature miRNA sequence is excised from the precursor hairpin by the enzyme Dicer.[1] This sequence then associates with RISC which effects RNA interference.[2]
miR-296 has been named an "angiomiR"[3] due to being characterised as a microRNA which regulates angiogenesis, the process of growth and creation of new blood vessels.[4] miR-296 is thought to have a specific role in cancer in promoting tumour angiogenesis.[3][5] It achieves this by targeting HGS mRNA, reducing its expression in endothelial cells which then results in greater number of VEGF receptors.[3][6]
miR-296 has predicted target sites in the transcription factor NANOG[7] and may also contribute to carcinogenesis by dysregulating p53.[8]
References [edit]
- ^ Ambros, V (2001-12-28). "microRNAs: tiny regulators with great potential.". Cell 107 (7): 823–6. doi:10.1016/S0092-8674(01)00616-X. PMID 11779458.
- ^ Gregory, RI; Chendrimada, TP, Cooch, N, Shiekhattar, R (2005-11-18). "Human RISC couples microRNA biogenesis and posttranscriptional gene silencing.". Cell 123 (4): 631–40. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.10.022. PMID 16271387.
- ^ a b c Wang, S; Olson, EN (2009 Jun). "AngiomiRs--key regulators of angiogenesis". Current opinion in genetics & development 19 (3): 205–11. doi:10.1016/j.gde.2009.04.002. PMC 2696563. PMID 19446450.
- ^ Anand, S; Cheresh, DA (2011 May). "MicroRNA-mediated regulation of the angiogenic switch". Current opinion in hematology 18 (3): 171–6. doi:10.1097/MOH.0b013e328345a180. PMC 3159578. PMID 21423013. (subscription required)
- ^ Bonauer, A; Boon, RA, Dimmeler, S (2010 Aug). "Vascular microRNAs". Current drug targets 11 (8): 943–9. doi:10.2174/138945010791591313. PMID 20415654.
- ^ Würdinger, T; Tannous, BA, Saydam, O, Skog, J, Grau, S, Soutschek, J, Weissleder, R, Breakefield, XO, Krichevsky, AM (2008-11-04). "miR-296 regulates growth factor receptor overexpression in angiogenic endothelial cells". Cancer Cell 14 (5): 382–93. doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2008.10.005. PMC 2597164. PMID 18977327.
- ^ Tay, Y; Zhang, J, Thomson, AM, Lim, B, Rigoutsos, I (2008-10-23). "MicroRNAs to Nanog, Oct4 and Sox2 coding regions modulate embryonic stem cell differentiation". Nature 455 (7216): 1124–8. doi:10.1038/nature07299. PMC 2577422. PMID 18806776.
- ^ Yoon, AR; Gao, R, Kaul, Z, Choi, IK, Ryu, J, Noble, JR, Kato, Y, Saito, S, Hirano, T, Ishii, T, Reddel, RR, Yun, CO, Kaul, SC, Wadhwa, R (2011-06-30). "MicroRNA-296 is enriched in cancer cells and downregulates p21WAF1 mRNA expression via interaction with its 3' untranslated region". Nucleic Acids Research 39 (18): 8078–91. doi:10.1093/nar/gkr492. PMC 3185413. PMID 21724611.
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