5 publications mentioning gga-mir-2188

Open access articles that are associated with the species Gallus gallus and mention the gene name mir-2188. Click the [+] symbols to view sentences that include the gene name, or the word cloud on the right for a summary.

1

These miRNAs were divided into three groups according to their expression levels in the fat broiler line, 4 highly expressed (gga-miR-21, gga-miR-148a, gga-miR-103, gga-miR-101) (2 [-ΔCt] >0.7), 4 moderately expressed (gga-miR-100, gga-miR-146a, gga-miR-92, gga-miR-2188) (0.7>2 [-ΔCt]>0.08), and 7 lowly expressed (gga-miR-1a, gga-miR-130a, gga-miR-221, gga-miR-19a, gga-miR-181b, gga-miR-458, gga-miR-17–3p) (2 [-ΔCt]<0.08) (Table 2).

However, among the remaining 12 miRNAs, we found that miR-2188 affects embryonic development in fishes [86, 87]; miR-1306 is related to Alzheimer’s disease by targeting ADAM10 [88]; miR-1684 was differentially expressed in chicken lines selected for necrotic enteritis [89]; miR-1b could be potentially related to immunity genes in insects [90]; no literature was found for the other 8 miRNAs (miR-3535, miR-1434, miR-1805–3p, miR-1551, miR-1563, miR-1653, miR-1416, miR-460a).

Four miRNAs significantly differentially expressed between the fat and lean chicken lines detected by deep sequencing were included in the list, i. e. gga-miR-101, gga-miR-2188, gga-miR-1a and gga-miR-17–3p.

2

These data are in agreement with the average number of sequence reads found in the plasma of R+ and R− animals for gga-miR-2188-5p (average 2.1 million reads), gga-let-7f-5p (average 143000 reads), gga-miR-365-3p (average 4600 reads) and gga-miR-2188-3p (average 1700 reads).

Conversely, high significance values were found for all miRNAs (gga-miR-122-5p, gga-miR-2188-3p and gga-let-7f-5p) previously identified as differentially abundant between R+ and R- animals (Line).

They are particularly abundant in the lung, and gga-miR-2188-5p is largely predominant across all tissues (Table 2).

As part of our validation of the procedure to obtain chicken plasma miRNAs (Figure 1), we profiled four miRNAs (gga-let-7f-5p, gga-miR-365-3p, gga-miR-2188-5p and gga-miR-2188-3p) by RT-qPCR from whole chicken blood, PBMCs, plasma and red cells.

These miRNAs were found to be present in plasma at very different levels of abundance, from an average of 397 normalized counts (gga-miR-122-5p) to an average of 2.1 million normalized counts (gga-miR-2188-5p).

The mir-2188 gene is absent in the mammalian lineage.

The miRNAs were selected among those found differentially abundant in the Condition comparison (gga-miR-204, gga-miR-2188-5p and gga-miR-365-3p), in the Line comparison (gga-miR-2188-3p, and gga-miR-122-5p) or in both (gga-let-7f-5p).

However, only the six miRNAs (miR-2954, gga-miR-2188-5p, gga-miR-365-3p, gga-miR-193b-3p, gga-miR-204 and mmu-miR-145a-5p) which compose Cluster 1 are found to be almost three-fold more abundant when concurrently considering R− and R+ animals (Table S2).

Both gga-miR-2188-5p and miR-2188-3p are detected in all adult tissues, with the exception of the breast muscle.

The most abundant miRNA was miR-2188-5p, which represented 19% of total reads, followed by gga-miR-10b (gga-miR-10b-5p in miRBase v20), gga-miR-10a-5p, and gga-miR-146c-5p, which together represented about 36% of the total reads (13.3%, 13.9% and 9.2% respectively).

However, only two (gga-miR-204 and gga-miR-2188-5p) of the four miRNAs that were previously identified as differentially abundant between feeding conditions (Condition) were found to be significant (Figure 5).

3

Seven (miR-101, miR-10a, miR-10b, miR-1677, let-7f, miR-31, and miR-205b) were expressed at higher levels in layers, and ten (miR-203, miR-200b, miR-16c, miR-15b, miR-15c, miR-460, miR-429, let-7c, miR-2188, and gga-miR-N2) were expressed at higher levels in broilers.

However, the majority including one novel miRNAs (gga-miR-N2) and eight known miRNAs (miR-101, miR-15b, miR-15c, miR-1677, miR-200, miR-460, gga-mir-2188 and miR-429) have not been implicated in the regulation of muscle development.

4

The relative expression of gga-mir-2188, gga-mir-30c-5p and gga-mir-92-3p was significantly (p < 0.01) higher in yolk than in albumen.

The equivalent namesake mouse and zebrafish miRNAs of gga-mir-2188, gga-mir-99a-5p and gga-mir-142-3p have been shown to be involved in the development of the vascular system and hematopoiesis in the embryos of mice and zebrafish [15– 17].

These were gga-mir-control, as an endogenous positive control and for calculating relative expression; gga-mir-183, which was not present in either fluid, as an endogenous negative control; gga-mir-2188, gga-mir-30c-5p, gga-mir-215-5p and gga-mir-92-3p all of which were present in both fluids.

5

Expression patterns of 15 miRNAs identified using RT-PCR agreed with those identified using deep sequencing, miR-101, miR-10a, miR-10b, miR-1677, let-7f, and miR-31 were higher in layers, while miR-200b, let-7c, miR-16c, miR15b, miR-15c, miR460, miR-429, miR-2188, and the novel miR-N2 were higher in broilers.